How do organised interests shape welfare state reforms? Together with B.Ebbinghaus we review various political economy approaches to explaining ongoing welfare state reforms. We also discuss the challenges of member mobilisation & influence in times of multiple crisis. Benedikt Bender is very happy to have contributed to this comprehensive Handbook. He is grateful to the editors, Bernhard Ebbinghaus and Moira Nelson, as well as to all colleagues who made this handbook possible.
